TABLE Customer (
CustomerId integer PRIMARY KEY,
CustomerName varchar(25),
ContactName varchar(25)
Address varchar(50),
City varchar(25),
PostalCode varchar(25),
Country varchar(25),
);
JSON Functions
JSON functions provide functionality for working with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data.
Sample Data For Examples
Examples provided with XML functions use the following table structure
with Data
CustomerID | CustomerName | ContactName | Address | City | PostalCode | Country |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
87 |
Wartian Herkku |
Pirkko Koskitalo |
Torikatu 38 |
Oulu |
90110 |
Finland |
88 |
Wellington Importadora |
Paula Parente |
Rua do Mercado, 12 |
Resende |
08737-363 |
Brazil |
89 |
White Clover Markets |
Karl Jablonski |
305 - 14th Ave. S. Suite 3B |
Seattle |
98128 |
USA |
JSONTOXML
Returns an xml document from JSON.
JSONTOXML(rootElementName, json)
rootElementName is a string, json is in {clob, blob}. Return value is xml.
The appropriate UTF encoding (8, 16LE. 16BE, 32LE, 32BE) will be detected for JSON blobs. If another encoding is used, see the to_chars function.
The result is always a well-formed XML document.
The mapping to XML uses the following rules:
-
The current element name is initially the rootElementName, and becomes the object value name as the JSON structure is traversed.
-
All element names must be valid xml 1.1 names. Invalid names are fully escaped according to the SQLXML specification.
-
Each object or primitive value will be enclosed in an element with the current name.
-
Unless an array value is the root, it will not be enclosed in an additional element.
-
Null values will be represented by an empty element with the attribute xsi:nil="true"
-
Boolean and numerical value elements will have the attribute xsi:type set to boolean and decimal respectively.
JSON:
Sample JSON to XML for jsonToXml(’person’, x)
{"firstName" : "John" , "children" : [ "Randy", "Judy" ]}
XML:
Sample JSON to XML for jsonToXml(’person’, x)
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<person>
<firstName>John</firstName>
<children>Randy</children>
<children>Judy<children>
</person>
JSON:
[{"firstName" : "George" }, { "firstName" : "Jerry" }]
XML (Notice there is an extra "person" wrapping element to keep the XML well-formed):
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<person>
<person>
<firstName>George</firstName>
</person>
<person>
<firstName>Jerry</firstName>
</person>
</person>
JSON:
{"/invalid" : "abc" }
XML:
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<root>
<_u002F_invalid>abc</_u002F_invalid>
</root>
JSONARRAY
Returns a JSON array.
JSONARRAY(value...)
value is any object convertable to a JSON value. Return value is a clob marked as being valid JSON.
Null values will be included in the result as null literals.
mixed value example
jsonArray('a"b', 1, null, false, {d'2010-11-21'})
Would return
["a\"b",1,null,false,"2010-11-21"]
Using JSONARRAY on a Table
SELECT JSONARRAY(CustomerId, CustomerName)
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
[88,"Wellington Importadora"]
[89,"White Clover Markets"]
JSONOBJECT
Returns a JSON object.
JSONARRAY(value [as name] ...)
value is any object convertable to a JSON value. Return value is a clob marked as being valid JSON.
Null values will be included in the result as null literals.
If a name is not supplied and the expression is a column reference, the column name will be used otherwise exprN will be used where N is the 1-based index of the value in the JSONARRAY expression.
mixed value example
jsonObject('a"b' as val, 1, null as "null")
Would return
{"val":"a\"b","expr2":1,"null":null}
Using JSONOBJECT on a Table
SELECT JSONOBJECT(CustomerId, CustomerName)
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
{"CustomerId":88, "CustomerName":"Wellington Importadora"}
{"CustomerId":89, "CustomerName":"White Clover Markets"}
Another example
SELECT JSONOBJECT(JSONOBJECT(CustomerId, CustomerName) as Customer)
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
{"Customer":{"CustomerId":88, "CustomerName":"Wellington Importadora"}}
{"Customer":{"CustomerId":89, "CustomerName":"White Clover Markets"}}
Another example
SELECT JSONOBJECT(JSONARRAY(CustomerId, CustomerName) as Customer)
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
{"Customer":[88, "Wellington Importadora"]}
{"Customer":[89, "White Clover Markets"]}
JSONPARSE
Validates and returns a JSON result.
JSONPARSE(value, wellformed)
value is blob with an appropriate JSON binary encoding (UTF-8, UTF-16, or UTF-32) or a clob. wellformed is a boolean indicating that validation should be skipped. Return value is a clob marked as being valid JSON.
A null for either input will return null.
json parse of a simple literal value
jsonParse('{"Customer":{"CustomerId":88, "CustomerName":"Wellington Importadora"}}', true)
JSONARRAY_AGG
creates a JSON array result as a Clob including null value. This is similar to JSONARRAY but aggregates its contents into single object
SELECT JSONARRAY_AGG(JSONOBJECT(CustomerId, CustomerName))
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
[{"CustomerId":88, "CustomerName":"Wellington Importadora"}, {"CustomerId":89, "CustomerName":"White Clover Markets"}]
You can also wrap array as
SELECT JSONOBJECT(JSONARRAY_AGG(JSONOBJECT(CustomerId as id, CustomerName as name)) as Customer)
FROM Customer c
WHERE c.CustomerID >= 88;
==========================================================
{"Customer":[{"id":89,"name":"Wellington Importadora"},{"id":100,"name":"White Clover Markets"}]}
Conversion to JSON
A straight-forward specification compliant conversion is used for converting values into their appropriate JSON document form.
-
null values are included as the null literal.
-
values parsed as JSON or returned from a JSON construction function (JSONPARSE, JSONARRAY, JSONARRAY_AGG) will be directly appended into a JSON result.
-
boolean values are included as true/false literals
-
numeric values are included as their default string conversion - in some circumstances if not a number or +-infinity results are allowed, invalid json may be obtained.
-
string values are included in their escaped/quoted form.
-
binary values are not implicitly convertable to JSON values and require a specific prior to inclusion in JSON.
-
all other values will be included as their string conversion in the appropriate escaped/quoted form.